Countries’ experiences in reforming hospital administration structure based on the Parker and Harding model: A systematic review study

In recent years, many reforms have been made on the structure of hospital administration, most of which are proposed by Parker–Harding models. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to systematically review global relevant experiences in reforming the hospital governance structure with emphasis on the Parker–Harding model. Required information was collected using keywords autonomization, corporatization, privatization, decentralization, reform, hospital autonomy, governance model, and structural reform in databases such as EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, SID, MagIran, and other resources. Information on the subjects under study was collected from 1990 to 2020. The content extraction method was used for data extraction and data analysis. Thirty‑nine sources were included in the study. Results of searching for relevant evidence on a variety of hospital governance models (government, board, corporate, and private) based on the Parker–Harding model in four categories including strengths (31), weaknesses (30), outcomes (26), and interventions (21) are outlined. In this study, strengths, weaknesses, outcomes, and corrective interventions were presented for different models of hospital administration that could be used by healthcare policymakers. Also, According to the results of this study, governmental model less recommended.