Utilizing mathematical programming models in optimal design of water networks in industrial cities

Optimizing water use is currently one of the main challenges facing goverments in many parts of the world, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. One of the important parameters in the water sector is the water distribution network, which the optimal design of these water networks can have a significant impact on reducing costs and the maximize use of water resources. For this purpose, in this paper, multiple programming models are proposed to integrate water consumption industrial cities and macroscopic systems. Both proposed mathematical models are mixed integer non-linear programming models. The objective proposed model A is to minimize fresh water consumption in industrial cities by maximizing water reuse directly, and also optimal design water networks to minimum cost for reuse of water directly, and the proposed model B is presented to objective programming the storage and optimal distribution water in a macroscopic system. Finally, examples have been made to demonstrate the benefits of proposed models that the obtained results from the point of view of economics, storage and sustainability of water resources show the huge potential of the proposed models.