The evolution of urban planning and its connections with the formulation of the question of Iran in the new knowledge system

The evolution of urban planning from the technical to the political, which has been reflected in the Iranian scholars' works in recent years, has led to the importance of issues in the field of social sciences in planning. Moreover, with the invalidating universal rules in planning, the socio-historical context has played a more prominent role. In our new knowledge system, the explanation of the historical situation of Iran is based on two approaches: Orientalism (with a Eurocentric perspective) and localism (reaction to orientalism). Both of these approaches have been made possible based on constructing the "other" and with an essentialist view, in which less attention has been paid to the complexities of historical reality. In recent years, with the critique of both approaches, a new space for speaking and conceptualization has emerged, which emphasizes the positive reading and immanent analysis of the historical reality of Iran. This paper is seeking to identify existing readings of the historical experience of urban planning in Iran by showing the role of the context issue in urban planning. These readings include a) the relative success of planning in the technical dimension b) the failure of planning in Iran c) the lack of formation of planning in Iran, d) the essential nature of planning in Iran and e) the transition view of planning (with two aspects focusing on the past and The future and thus the suspension of the present as well as the emerging space of immanent reading). These readings which we called narratives are related to explaining the situation of Iran in the social sciences and our new system of knowledge. Using special mechanisms (such as generalism, comparison, and absenteeism), it has become difficult to conceptualize the historical facts of urban planning. Along with the social sciences, here, in some later narratives, there are signs of a new space for an immanent reading of the experience of urban planning.