Simultaneous Effect of Aerobic Exercise and Octapamine on Tissue Levels of NLRP1, Leptin, Carbonyl Protein and Inflammatory Histological Changes of Brown Adipose Tissue in Rats Fed with Deep Heated

Consumption of crunchy foods and lack of nutritional hygiene causes destruction of adipose tissue homeostasis and secretion of inflammatory factors. Aerobic exercise is one of the ways to control inflammation adipose tissue. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigation the simultaneous effect of aerobic exercise and Octopamine on NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 1 (NLRP1), leptin, carbonyl protein of brown adipose tissue changes in rats fed with deep fried oil.

In the present experimental study conducted in 2019, 40 male Wistar rats (age 20 weeks; weight ± 350 20 20 g) were randomly selected in healthy control groups (n = 8), control with heated oil (n = 8). Poisoned + aerobic exercise (number = 8), poisoned + octapamine (number = 8) and poisoned + aerobic exercise + octapamine (number = 8). Heated oil was fed orally (gavage) to the relevant rats for 4 weeks. The dose used was 81 mg / kg octapamine by intraperitoneal (IP) injection and dissolved in 9% normal saline. Aerobic exercise groups also trained on a treadmill for 4 weeks with increasing intensity in the first week of 50% of aerobic power and in the last week the intensity of training reached 65% of aerobic power. Concentrations of leptin, protonyl carbonyl were assessed by ELISA method and brown adipose tissue changes were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin and IHC staining methods. Real time PCR and immunohistochemical methods were used to determine changes in NLRP1 gene and protein, respectively. The collected data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and independent t-test.

In all toxic groups, a significant increase in NLRP1 gene and protein expression was observed, as well as an increase in carbonyl protein and leptin compared to the healthy control group (p≤0.05). The results showed that the expression of NLRP1 gene and protein in the poisoned + aerobic exercise and poisoned + octapamine groups had a significant decrease compared to the poisoned group (p≤0.05). Also, the expression of NLRP1 protein in the toxic-aerobic + octapamine group was significantly different in comparison with the poisoned control group (p≤0.05). while the expression of this gene in the DFO + aerobic + octapamine group did not decrease significantly compared to the toxic group. The results showed a significant difference in the concentration of carbonyl protein in the DFO-aerobic and DFO-octapamine groups compared to the DFO sole group, but this result was not observed in the DFO-aerobic exercise + octapamine. Leptin concentration in the poisoned+aerobic exercise (poisoned+octapamine and poisoned+aerobic exercise + octapamine) groups was significantly reduced compared to the poisoned group.

It looked as if that the use of octapamine supplement along with aerobic exercise with control of NLRP1 and reduction of leptin were effective in controlling risk factors for adipose tissue.