Antibacterial Effects of a 940 nm Diode Laser With/Without Silver Nanoparticles Against Enterococcus faecalis

The final goal of root canal therapy is to remove of the most bacteria from the root canal. This study aimed at comparing the antibacterial effects of a diode laser with a wavelength of 940nm and silver nanoparticles and the synergic effects of both techniques on Enterococcus faecalis.

Ninety single-rooted human teeth were decoronated and prepared with rotary files. The samples were irrigated with sodium hypochlorite and EDTA17%. Then they were autoclaved and contaminated with E. faecalis suspension (1.5 × 108 CFU/mL) for 21 days. The samples were fixed in a microtube and were randomly divided into 4 experimental (n = 20) groups and a negative control group (n = 10)as follows: Group 1: hypochlorite sodium 5%, Group 2: silver nanoparticle, Group 3: diode laser, and Group 4: diode laser and silver nanoparticle. The samples were obtained from dentin chips before and after the intervention. The data were analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test. Furthermore, alterations in bacterial colonies were entered using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test (α = 0.05).

There was a significant decrease in colony counts for all groups after interventions (P value< 0.05). Also, all groups showed more reductions in colony counts compared with the negative control group (P value< 0.004). There was a significant reduction for group 1 in comparison with other groups (P value< 0.001) and this group had an extreme decrease of colony counts (RCC = 100%). There was an important differential between silver nanoparticles and diode laser groups in bacterial counts (P value< 0.001) and silver nanoparticles (RCC = 83.15%) had more efficiency than the diode laser (RCC = 41/33%). RCC of group 4 was 68/52%.

Followed by sodium hypochlorite 5%, silver nanoparticles were the most effective antibacterial substances. The 940 nm laser diode had less antibacterial effect compared to its use with silver nanoparticles.