Flood risk zoning in Sabzevar city using fuzzy logic

One of the most important ways to deal with flood risk is zoning of flood potential. The present study was conducted with the aim of zoning flood risk in Sabzevar city with emphasis on urban and rural areas in 1399; this research is of applied type and in it from fuzzy logic, analysis Hierarchy and geographic information system have been used. In this study, eight criteria of slope, distance from the river, altitude, geology, land use, rainfall, drainage density and vegetation have been studied. In order to zoning the risk of floods in Sabzevar city, based on the above criteria, first the layers are rasterized and then using the fuzzy, fuzzy membership functions and finally the fuzzy maps of the layers are obtained. Then, with the help of EXCEL software, the process of pairwise comparison of the criteria with each other is performed and then the final weight of the criteria is combined with fuzzy layers and finally the obtained maps are matched with fuzzy operators and the zoning map is extracted. The results of this study show that the effective variables in causing floods in the region include slope with a weight coefficient of 0.340 and precipitation with a coefficient of 0.184. Of course, the vegetation variable with a coefficient of 0.020 has the least impact in the region. According to the flood risk classification map, Sabzevar city as the most important population center of the city is in low risk area. They are very low, low and medium.