Types of government and its role in the realization of common rights in the socio-political thought of Mirza Naeini

The study of different types of government and common rights is one of the most important issues in the field of public law and related to other sciences, including political and social sciences.Due to the need to re-read, analyze and introduce the social and political theories of Muslim thinkers, the purpose of this article is to explain the views of Allameh Naeini as one of the influential religious figures in the constitutional revolution on common rights and types of government.The research method is document mining. By referring to Naini's works and writings, this important question was examined in a descriptive-analytical way: 1. What are the types of government in terms of Naini and what is the function of each? 2. In Na'ini socio-political thought, what is common rights and its examples can be realized in which government?The result of the article is that: Naini, by writing the book "Tanbih al-Ummah and Tanzih al-Mellah" and by proposing a kind of common rights, presented a religious expression of freedom and democracy in the Shiite school and sought to take a fundamental position in jurisprudence and politics. His view is that in the provincial government, common rights are given some attention and two important principles are realized in this government, namely freedom and equality, and the two pillars that establish and maintain the constitutional government and the National Assembly.