An overview of the mechanism and function of EMI shielding materials made of polymer nanocomposites

In recent years, the widespread growth of GHz electronic systems and communication devices and also the widespread use of equipment such as radars, mobile communication systems, GPS and home appliances have increased the electromagnetic waves interferences and magnetic contamination. The shielding of these waves is necessary in various applications to reduce the electromagnetic waves contamination. This contamination causes malfunction of electronic and telecommunication devices and also damages biological structures and living species. Widespread applications of electromagnetic waves shielding in the military industry can be referred to detection technology that camouflage and eliminate the target by removing the reflection signal from the target to the radar. These types of materials are called radar absorbing materials (RAM) which are used in various ways such as color coating. As a result, the purpose of the electromagnetic shielding materials is to produce a composite or coating that is used in camouflaging military industries, protecting living tissues from electromagnetic waves, and protecting electronic and telecommunication devices from disturbing waves. Nanocomposites containing conducting polymers have suitable properties for operation in this field. In this paper, the mechanism and function of EMI shielding materials made of polymer nanocomposite coatings are investigated.