Theoretical Challenges in Technology Governance and recommendations for the Islamic Republic of Iran

Technology, as a fundamental driver in the fields of science system and innovation system, has had many consequences on various areas of progress in the country and the increasing speed and acceleration of production, evolution and transfer of technology has intensified the importance of recognizing the changes and changes in this field.The lack of knowledge and theory about the nature, functions and consequences of technology, has led to the phenomenon of managerial and policy delays in this area. The purpose of this study is to identify the epistemological challenges in technology governance and recommendations for the Islamic Republic of Iran with the aim of identifying gaps in this field. Accordingly, the question of this research is posed as follows: "What are the epistemological challenges in technology governance and what recommendations can be made for the Islamic Republic of Iran?". The research method is documentary analysis and content analysis and the research conducted in the field of science, technology and society studies in the last 10 years has been used. Among the most fundamental challenges in technology governance are epistemological ambiguity in the nature and philosophy of technology, technology and political domination, technology and the decline of real communities, technological determinism, technological dominance of culture (technology), technology and the power of change, technology and the spread of inequality. , Technology and norm-making, technology and changing the pattern of economic development, technology and the formation of the center-periphery world, technology and alienation, technology and changing consumption patterns, technology and moral consequences, technology and changing lifestyles, and so on. These challenges are categorized into philosophical and epistemological challenges, socio-cultural challenges, political challenges and economic challenges.