Synthesis,, characterization and investigation of the catalytic activity of aluminum (III) supported graphene quantum dots modified NiFe2O4 in the preparation of benzothiazole derivatives

NiFe2O4 nanoparticles are modified by graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and utilized to stabilize the Al(III) nanoparticles as a novel magnetically retrievable catalytic system (Al(III)/GQDs/NiFe2O4) for green formation of benzothiazoles by means of aromatic aldehydes and 2-aminothiophenol reaction. The prepared catalyst can be isolated assisted by the assistance of an external magnet and recovered for five courses without significant reduction in its efficiency. The as-prepared magnetic heterogeneous nanocomposite was characterized by UV–Vis, FT-IR, XRD, EDS, VSM, TEM, and ICP. Performing the reactions in environmentally friendly and affordable conditions (water), the low catalyst percentage, high yield of products, short reaction times, and easy workup are the merits of this protocol.