Geodesy in the history of Islamic civilization, emphasizing on geodesy chapter in the encyclopedia of Jame –al Ulum, written by Imam Fakhr Razi

Geodesy science is mentioned as a subset of the precision sciences in the sources of the history of science in the Islamic era and the sources that classify and describe the sciences. This science has a mathematical, computational, geometric and applied essence that has been used in the past, mainly to determine land boundaries, calculate agricultural taxes, astronomical calculations, draw maps and determine and orient roads and places. Geodesy science has received a lot of attention from scholars of Islamic era due to its wide application in the management of society. Imam Fakhreddin Mohammad Razi (543 606 AH / 1149 1210 AD) is one of the scientists of the sixth century AH who pays special attention to exact sciences and surveying science, and mentions it in the encyclopedia of the Jame –al Ulum (Satini) as one of the exact sciences and explains some of the principles of its applications. Attention to triangles is one of the features of Fakhr Razi geodesy Treatise, which shows the division of lands into triangular shapes for surveying. In this research, with the method of library and based on documentary sources, the science of geodesy in Islamic civilization and this chapter in the works of Imam Fakhr Razi have been studied and researched.