A Study on Legal Rules of Procedure for Dealing with Scientific Misconducts

Finding a solution to the problem of the prevalence of scientific misconduct, if we recognize it as a problem, requires comparative studies and observation of successful (or unsuccessful) experiences of other countries. Therefore, in this article based on a comparative research on legal experiences in selected countries (some of which are successful in dealing with scientific misconducts and others less successful) it will be argued that legal rules and processes do not provide sufficient conditions for supporting scientific integrity.For this Purpose, firstly, by searching for evidence of scientific misconducts in less successful countries, found evidence that indicate the existence of the phenomenon of “epidemic misconduct”, as well as differences in the type of cases and the extent of people who commit misconducts. secondly, the policies of more successful countries, and the established policies related to scientific misconduct, examined, and argued (and predicted) that, given the differences noted between the two countries, the application of the legal policies of successful countries will not work in less successful countries. Finally, with reference to examples of the failure of the experiences of less successful countries to apply the legal experiences of successful countries, the prediction confirmed. Finally, an analysis of why the failure occurs is provided.