The Methods of control of political power from Ghazali's point of view

Abu Hamid Muhammad Al-Ghazali, like some Islamic thinkers, tried to control the power of the rulers and wrote the advice of the kings. In order to examine the literature on controlling Al-Ghazali's power, we did the following: quantitatively and qualitatively examine these advices, the extent to which religious beliefs are used to empower those in power, the difference between the specific advices of kings, ministers and secretaries, and the most common ones. This type of behavior under the title of commanding the good and forbidding the evil has been proposed in the Qur'an, the Sunnah of the Prophet and other Islamic leaders in practical and theoretical forms, and has also found specific manifestations in the thoughts of Islamic thinkers such as Al-Ghazali. The study method was a kind of quantitative and qualitative content analysis of the advice, summarizing and categorizing the items in the tables and determining their absolute and relative frequency. The results show that Al-Ghazali offers very practical and workable ways to control the practical power of rulers, which include four different types. There are two types of advice to kings, the first 22 of which are mostly about self-improvement through the use of religious beliefs in order to control the inner power of the king. The next 52 cases are mostly practical and practical recommendations to curb the power of kings. In the advice to the ministers, in 16 cases, more emphasis was placed on the individual competencies of the ministers, peace-loving, seeking justice, and preventing their oppression and extremism. Recommendations to teachers are 4 items that are mostly specialized.