Pathology of metropolitan areas with emphasis on participatory governance: A case study on Tehran Metropolis

Social activities in the community are fruitful due to the use of proper and efficient management. Meanwhile, metropolises, as one of the manifestations of life and social activities, suffer from disorder and anomaly without proper urban management. The management of metropolitan areas has many complexities and must have integrated organizational and governmental arrangements. The most important challenge in these areas is the growing borders and political divisions, which will lead to political divisions. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is the pathology of management in metropolitan areas of Tehran. This applied research is descriptive and analytical. The statistical population of this research includes municipality, governorate, road and urban development organization in Tehran. To determine the sample size, Morgan sample size determination table was used. 50 samples were determined and the data was collected using questionnaire and interview. The dimensions of Tehran metropolitan management were identified by counting 22 variables in the form of components of participatory governance. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between the studied components at 95% confidence level. Pathology shows the validity of the variables. The variables of institutional flexibility, institutional structure, citizens' awareness of the implementation of programs, transparency of laws and legal coherence show one of the important and effective missing links in the failure of the institutionalization of metropolitan management in Tehran.