Graph and its application in GIS

One of the most important applications of spatial information systems is in the field of transportation management. In this regard,Today, the use of information and communication technologies has presented a powerful option for transportation management to experts. These solutions are now being used as a core component of transportation systems operations around the world. On the other hand, today's life involves a large amount of movement and mobility, which is done through cars, ships, rail vehicles and airplanes, and so on. Spatial information systems in the field network analysis capabilities in spatial information systems, including the calculation of the shortest path, can be useful. Graphs and their theories play an important role in GIS network analysis. To solve some problems of the graph or to simplify the analysis in the graph, changes can be made to its structure. Graph simulations show that the mobility of the system depends to a large extent on the transport network topology. In general, a planned network can accommodate more vehicles, and its overall mobility is much greater than a self-organized growing network. In this article, while introducing graph capabilities in problem solving, several different applications in finding the shortest path in transportation problems will be discussed..