An unexplored triangle: Helicobacter pylori Infection, Inflammation and Gastric Cancer

Helicobacter pylori is one of the most potent risk factors in gastric cancer, This bacterium has several pathogens that each of the pathogens can play a role in causing cancer.

The present study is a classic review (expert opinion), in which articles published in English and Persian languages from Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Magiran, IranMede, and scientific information database (SID) databases without any time limitation were explored using standardized keywords of H. pylori, inflammation, gastric cancer, a combination of the above words, and other synonymous keywords. Finally, the information and obtained results were collected and interpreted.

In total, 11 of the 145 articles reviewed had inclusion criteria with the approval of the responsible author. According to the results, the prevalence of peptic ulcer (PU) is decreasing due to antibiotic treatment of H. pylori, However, the development of chronic bacterial inflammation due to pathogenic mechanisms and factors, especially the role of cagA and vacA genes in gastric cancer, remains an important medical problem.

According to our current knowledge, screening and on-time diagnosis of the disease, treatment, and immediate eradication of H. pylori is one of the most critical ways to barricade gastric cancer progress. Therefore, targeting TLR and Pathogenic factors of H. pylori to induce apoptosis and stimulate the immune system will be a promising, attractive, and helpful method for cancer prevention.