Critique of human nature from Nietzsche’s point of view with emphasis on Allameh Jafari ’s views

Anthropology has been one of the most fundamental issues in the history of human thought and has been addressed in various aspects so far. This paper, with a comparative-critical approach, examines the thoughts of two prominent philosophers, Nietzsche and Allameh Jafari, in this field. Nietzsche, with an earthly definition of man, summarizes his nature only in the material element and considers the spirit as a set of senses and affections. By original zing human instincts, he does not consider any realm of kingdom, including origin and resurrection, for human beings. He considers issues such as ethics and religion as self-made constraints that by passing through them, man will become superhuman. Allama Jafari, unlike Nietzsche, considers human beings to have two material and spiritual aspects and considers the person as a means for the development of the spirit and considers authenticity from that spirit. He has an innate personality, nature and human mission to achieve commitment and responsibility through self-knowledge. Of course, in his view, man must reach the real self by adjusting himself naturally, because the earthly aspect of man cannot lead the spirit. Therefore, Nietzsche superhuman due to its limited and earthly identity cannot meet the excellent and original needs of human beings. Therefore, concepts such as God, religion, worship and ethics will be one of the fundamental elements of human identity that by properly understanding that man finds his identity in harmony with the song of existence, reaches to a reasonable life.