On the early Islamic Mosques and the Influential Factors in Their Durability

Architecture, a branch of techniques and art of human civilization, has been the focus of human societies for many millennia. Among the branches of architecture, the construction of religious buildings has a special place. Architecture in Iran has a history of thousands of years, which has been formed and evolved over time under the influence of various geographical and cultural factors. Iran, with its rich experiences and advanced and rooted architecture, was defeated by the new Muslim Arabs in the first century AH, during the Sassanid era, as a result of which many Zoroastrian Iranians converted to Islam, and the construction of numerous mosques replaced the construction of fire temples. Arab architecture was initially influenced by Iranian and Byzantine architecture; since Mesopotamia and Iran was occupied by the Arabs, Iranian art and architecture greatly expanded in the form of Islamic architecture, and countless mosques were built in the corners of Iran, of which only a few traces remain today. The present study tries to analyze the factors and influential elements of early Islamic mosques in accordance with thematic documents. This is a descriptive-analytical research that was conducted using inductive method. Information and data collection was done in the form of library sueveys and field studies.
The results of the research showed that there was a close and inseparable relationship between the elements and geographical factors of each region and its religious and cultural components with the architecture derived from Islam. This influence is so far that it can be boldly claimed that the main elements and components of the construction of mosques and non-native architectural structures in Iran have been influenced by geography, geographical factors and elements and the native culture of each region.