Dominant Elements in the Decoration of the Altars of Ilkhani Era

The architecture of the Ilkhani period in terms of visual decorations is one of the most significant periods of Iranian architecture. The design and decoration of the altar is among the most important decorative parts of the Ilkhani architecture. Graphic designs and extraction of patterns used in engravings were studied to achieve the form and content of inscriptions and engravings. This causes the detection of the building’s decorative features and make it possible to compare it with the decorations of buildings with the same element. On the other hand, by reviving motifs and inscriptions, it is possible to create works with traditional-national values by modeling this valuable heritage in a modern idea. And one of the best sources for the application of architecture and decoration today is meditation on the art of the past. The purpose of this study was to acquaint researchers of the related fields to the decoration of the altars of the Ilkhani era in Iran. The research method is based on descriptive-analytical method. The tools used are based on library research. Findings of the research are the operational formulation of the stages of initial acquaintance with the subject of the decorations of altars in the Iranian Ilkhani era and the methodological techniques related to the discussion. The final results of the research according to the study of the dominance of ornaments showed that the most dominant ornaments is plant motifs in 8 altars of mosques and geometric motifs in 3 altars of mosques and inscriptions have been used relatively less than other ornaments. According to studies, about 64% of the dominance of the Kufic script was seen in the inscriptions and 36% of the dominance of the lines was related to the Sols script. The background color is pea and ocher cream in most altars due to the materials used in gypsum in this period. The background color is a combination of cream, pea, ocher, azure, cyan, turquoise and brown.