Sustainable architectural patterns of vernacular housing in Cold and Hot Arid Climate whith physical Proportion criteria(case study: BW, Ds climate)

Today, the planet is facing a serious problem of air pollution, one of the results is the phenomenon of global warming. Important factors OF air pollution, especially in urban environments, are cars and residential buildings.Therefore, air pollution will be reduced if residential buildings ,that are part of the consumers of this energy, reduce the amount of energy consumption. manifestations of sustainable architecture is the traditional architecture of Iran, which has tried to move towards sustainable architecture by choosing the appropriate proportions and orientations. This study sought to investigate how architecture and climate adapt in arid climates and how to pay attention to climatic conditions in creating the desired homes to create optimal comfort and reduce energy consumption. In order to achieve these goals, cities then houses were selected from the climate of BW and Ds as study samples for analysis, which were analyzed based on physical criteria. Finally, studies showed that in terms in arid climate the form, shape of the yard, building massesis ,the average ratio of open space to closed space is different. It can also be said that both climates are similar in terms of physical characteristics. the highest area of the facade and opening belongs to the southern facade and the lowest level and opening belongs to the western facade. The use of these models can reduce energy consumption, So that we can take a step towards promoting sustainability by providing the criteria of physical proportions along with other criteria of sustainable architecture.