A Comparative Study of the Realm of Infallibility of the Prophets from the Perspective of Theologians with the Focus on Seyyed Morteza and Fakhreddin Razi

The attribute of infallibility is one of the most fundamental and important issues of prophecy. It is against the divine wisdom to make mistakes that are not completely correct because of the human guide for religious leaders. Considering that the realm of infallibility has different levels, the scholars of Islamic religions, each influenced by their own ideological foundations, after analyzing and studying the realm of the infallibility of the prophets, have contented themselves with accepting certain levels or degrees of infallibility. The view of the infallibility of the prophets in three stages of dressing up any infidelity and polytheism, as well as considering and preserving the Shari'a, as well as propagating the rules and teachings of the Shari'a, is accepted by all Islamic theologians except Baqalani, who recently has a different theory. The idea of absolute infallibility for the apostles in the order of practicing the law is in line with the characteristics of prophecy and is acceptable. The approach of the prophets to be free from inadvertence, error, and mistake in the ordinary affairs of life is considered by most Imami thinkers. In general, the theory of truth and perfection in the realm of the infallibility of the prophets is the view of the all-encompassing infallibility - in all respects - which is in accordance with the standards and divine wisdom. It is worth mentioning that the present work while paying attention to the views of theologians of the Imami, Mu'tazilite, and Ash'arite religions, focuses more on the thoughts of Seyyed Morteza and Fakhreddin Razi.