The effect of nano potassium fertilizer, potassium sulfate and salicylic acid on physiological characteristics of Calendula officinalis L. under water stress

Lack of water is one of the limiting factors for growth, and oxidative stress is a secondary stress resulting from drought and dehydration. In order to study the levels of potassium nanoclat fertilizers, potassium sulfate and salicylic acid in reducing water effects on a number of physiological indicators of evergreen plants, experimental spring was performed as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications in 1398 in the research greenhouse of Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch. Factors involved included irrigation at two levels, consumption of potassium fertilizer at two levels of potassium nanocat and potassium sulfate, and salicylic acid at three levels of zero, one and two milliliters. Physiological traits such as photosynthetic pigments, proline, phenol total, superoxide dismutase, catalase enzyme, soluble sugar, protein and glycine betaine were evaluated. Based on the results of this study, dehydration stress significantly increased the levels of proline, the enzyme peroxidase, the enzyme catalase, glycine betaine and sugar, and reduced the levels of chlorophyll a, b, whole leaves and total protein. The use of salicylic acid leaf in conditions of dehydration stress in concentrations significantly increased sugar, total protein, glycine betaine and total phenol. The use of potassium nanocatalysts and potassium sulfate improved plant tolerance in drought stress conditions and increased physiological traits compared to control.