Study of Population Structure of Capparis Spinosa and Analysis of Morphological Traits using ISSR and SCoT Markers

Capparis spinose is from Capparis genus, and Capparidaceae family includes 350 species. It is originated from Mediterranean region. Human as food uses entire parts of C. spinose as young stems, flower buds, fruit, and seed. Caper, trade name, has several species in Iran. C. spinose has a high capacity in international agriculture markets. Today, focused on Caper selection and breeding programmes in many countries in the world. Kinds of genetics analysis techniques accompanied by genetic markers based on PCR are presented to evaluate genetic variation on plant species. ISSR and Scot are dominant markers used for genetic variation evaluation in plant germplasm.

To evaluate C. spinosa population structure, which grows naturally in western Iran, collected 80 genotypes from 12 different locations.

Neutral statistical clustering of genotypes without previous knowledge of populations, using two ISSR and SCoT markers, distributed 80 genotypes in the two groups. According to the results of morphological analysis of morphological traits based on ISSR and SCoT markers, all reported markers were significant. Based on the results, 966 SCoT markers and 571 ISSR markers were identified with a significant relationship (with a probability level of 5%) with the studied traits.

Based on structure analysis, using SCot markers, collected genotypes from Kermanshah, Charmeleh, Ilam, Sarpolzohab, Ghasr Shirin, Gor Safid, Gilan, Khosravi, Naft Shahr, Somar classified in group one, and collected genotypes from Karand and Ivan classified in group two. Based on structure analysis, using ISSR markers, collected genotypes from Karand, Khosravi, Naft Shahr, and most of genotypes from Somar were classified in group one and collected genotypes from Kermanshah, Chaemeleh, Ilam, Ivan, Sapolzohab, Ghasr Shirin, Gor Safid, Gilan and little Somar genotypes classified in group two. Generally, ISSR and SCoT markers showed high genetic diversity in samples collected from western Iran. The results of correlation analysis showed that using GLM method with a combination of different markers can identify markers related to morphological traits in C. spinose.