A review of effect of nanotubes on the surface of NiTi (nitinol) on its biological properties and drug release behavior for useing in orthopedic implants

The increasing elderly population has led to an increasing demand for orthopedic implants. With the advent of nickel-titanium memory alloys known as the nitinol brand due to its mechanical and biological properties including shape memory, superelasticity, long fatigue life and bio. Excellent compatibility has attracted wide spread attention by researchers for useing in medical industries such as orthodontic wires, drug delivery systems,cardiovascular stents and orthopedic implants, but in some cases may have superficial properties such as resistance to Corrosion and biological properties are not sufficient for clinical applications. Infection caused by the presence of implants in the body is one of the most common complaints of patients. Since bacteria play an important role in inefficiency, so the creation of antibacterial properties has been considered. Nanotubes created on the surface of nitinol through anodizing can be one of the useful solutions to create antibacterial properties as well as the ability of these structures Carrying drugs such as antibiotics can minimize the problems of implanting orthopedic implants in the body. In order to increase the long-term antibacterial ability of orthopedic implants, researchers have improved the physical and chemical properties of nitinol levels by using appropriate surface modification methods. In this report, a review of research on the modification of nitinol levels by anodizing method and the formation of nanotubes on its surface and drug loading and the effect of different parameters on morphology, nickel ion release, corrosion behaviors, biological and drug release in order to Application in orthopedic implants is given.