The Impact of Islamic Financial Instruments on the Occurrence of Business Cycles in the Iranian Economy: A Case Study of Participation Bonds

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Islamic financial instruments inthe occurrence of business cycles in the Iranian economy. In this regard, theemphasis has been on Islamic participation bonds offered by the Central Bank. Forthis purpose, statistical data from the period 1992-2020 and structural vectorautoregression model (SVAR) were used. The results of this study showed that theimpetus from the supply of participation bonds as a tool for monetary policy and anIslamic financial instrument has led to the fact that the amount of business cycles inthe Iranian economy is not moderated. In fact, the results showed that the variablesof budget deficit, exchange relationship and price were the most important variablesaffecting business cycles in the Iranian economy. The results showed thatparticipation bonds could not act as an anti-cyclical policy tool in the Iranianeconomy. Considering the results of how Islamic financial instruments affectbusiness cycles in the Iranian economy, it is necessary to recognize the impact ofgovernment budget deficit and its financing.