Analysis of water resources threats using geographic information system with passive defense approach

Water shortage is one of the most important and fundamental crises in the country, which in addition to environmental problems, has also occurred in the social and security fields. Investigating the water crisis in different areas is necessary to predict the defensive measures needed in management and to prevent social consequences. The present study was conducted using GIS and participatory analysis of factors affecting the creation and intensification of water crisis in Boenzahra city. For this purpose, first information layers including drought, soil categories, rate of evapotranspiration, average annual rainfall, surface geological outcrops, distance from permanent rivers, discharge rate or discharge of deep wells The user was prepared and standardized using a triangular fuzzy function, and the final layer of water crisis areas was generated using a linear weighted integration function. The results showed that the three main components of water discharge through deep wells, evapotranspiration and population density in the city are the most important factors involved in creating and exacerbating the water shortage crisis. Also, three water crisis floors were identified in the city, the middle risk class including the northern parts of Boenzahra city (area of 1016 square kilometers and about 34% of the total area of the city), the second floor or critical areas of water resources Which covers most of the eastern and central areas of Boenzahra city (39% of the city area, which is equal to 1155 square kilometers) and the third floor or areas in crisis (its area is about 830 square kilometers and 27% of the city area).