Spatial Analysis of the Role of Climatic Factors in Pedestrian Accidents Using GWR Model in Geographic Information System Environment

Traffic accidents are leading causes of death and caused financial and body injuries to humans and have severely threatened those societies' social, cultural, and economic consequences. In this study, Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) has been used in GIS software environment to model the spatial relationships of pedestrian accidents. The independent variables of precipitation, temperature, and wind participated in the model and analyzed spatial accident. The results show that 88% of the dependent variable (pedestrian accidents) is explained by rainfall, 78% by temperature, and 84% by wind speed. Also, in 1183 recorded accidents out of 2518 from 2016 to 2020, the role of climatic components (rainfall, temperature, and wind speed) is very clear that the accidents are mostly concentrated in the center of 5 District. In the second square of Shahran, North Shahin Blvd towards Abshenasan Hwy, Ferdows District (Salimi Jahromi St and Ferdows Blvd Intersections), Sazman Barnameh St (Allameh Jafary Hwy and Bakri Hwy Intersection), South Jannat Abad (35 meters of Eastern Laleh St, South Shahin Blvd, and around Chahar Bagh Sq), there is the highest coefficient of determination and correlation between accidents and climatic components. In this regard, the analysis indicates that in more rainfall, higher temperatures and higher wind speed, accidents in these areas are more severe.