Identification of atmospheric mechanism governing the occurrence of severe rainfall anomalies in eastern Iran

In order to investigate the status of atmospheric synoptic systems during the occurrence of severe rainfall anomalies in eastern Iran, the rainfall statistics of 31 meteorological stations located in the region during the statistical period (from 1990 to 2020) were used. In this regard, precipitation anomaly index (RAI) was used to identify these periods. To explain the structure of the atmosphere at the time of its occurrence by referring to the website of the National Center for Environmental Prediction/Atmospheric Science (NCEP/NCAR) networked data on geopotential height, sea level pressure, vertical velocity component (omega), Relative humidity, orbital components and wind meridian were obtained. Studies have shown that the occurrence of severe rainfall anomalies in eastern Iran is associated with the formation of a strong ridge in the middle of the atmosphere on the east of the Middle East. This causes a recurring current, or high continuity, to dominate the area. On the other hand, the advent of cold weather and the dominance of the north current to the region, the conditions of climbing and instability have been minimized. The location of the region below the upper convergence core of Rudbad is also one of the main reasons for the occurrence and continuation of severe rainfall anomalies in the region. In order to investigate the relationship between the major cyclones for rainfall, the two regions of the Red Sea and the Mediterranean were examined. The results of the study of the correlation between omega indices and the meridional component of wind on the Red Sea and Mediterranean corridors with sea level pressure on the region also showed that with decreasing ascent values in these areas and increasing pressure on eastern Iran, a correlation Positive is established.