The role of miRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in various cancers

According to the growing number of cancer fatalities and the complexity of the disease in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment, here we have reviewed one of the helpful and promising factors in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are non-coding ribonucleic acids that are evolutionarily conserved and have a length of 18-25 nucleotides. miRNAs control the expression of genes after transcription by mRNA cleavage or inhibition of their translation. These molecular structures participate in the control of various physiological and pathological cellular processes (tumorigenesis and evolution, cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion and apoptosis), many of which can act as oncogenes or tumor inhibitors. Therefore, mutations in them can lead to cancer. miRNAs play an important and potential role in the body as biomarkers, and affect some of the salient features of cancer cells, thus identifying miRNAs and their target molecules, providing a bright horizon and promising prospects for Provides knowledge of the pathways that lead to cancer. Therefore, in this article, we review the application of miRNAs in six cancers, including breast, colorectal, ovarian, liver, lung, and kidney.