A Comparative Study of the Relationship between Wisdom and Spatial Arrangement in the Architecture of Traditional and Contemporary Mosques Using " Ucl Depth Map " Software (Case Study: Khorasan Razavi Mosques)

The structure of the mosque is a prominent and explicit manifestation of art in the spiritual and sacred realm, which should provide the ground for the transcendence of humans from the lowest to the highest level of existence. The architecture of the mosque, as the bearer of such a collection, if it wants to be in harmony with this ascension and return, must have houses and a hierarchy corresponding to what rules the universe. Many scholars believe that this feature is derived from the wisdom of Iranian-Islamic architecture, so the present article seeks to answer the question that; what is the connection between the values and concepts of Iranian-Islamic wisdom and the spatial arrangement in the architecture of traditional and contemporary mosques?For this purpose, the method of this research is a combination. In the first step, through qualitative research method and descriptive-analytical, first by collecting information through library and documentary studies, the characteristics of the Iranian mosque and the manifested principles of wisdom in Iranian architecture are identified and finally with an analytical approach, the index The manifestations of these principles have been laid down in Iranian architecture.In the second part of the research, which is based on the method of quantitative research, after conducting field observations and preparing a case map of the sample, first by examining the plans of mosques with the help of specialized software " Space Syntax " (Ucl depth map), to analyze Spatial layout indicators and their relationship with the principles of Iranian-Islamic wisdom and at the end, using reasoning and interpretation, spatial layout in the architecture of traditional and contemporary mosques, a case study of Khorasan Razavi was evaluated and finally the results were presented.Since the main essence of architecture is space, in the contemporary period, various methods have been used to analyze the architectural space, including formal, historical and climatic methods. One of the methods that was born to understand the invisible structures and systems behind the architectural forms and phenomena is the "Space Syntax" method, which was based on the studies of Christopher Alexander and Philip Stedman.This method has a thematic and conceptual similarity to the way words are classified in the literature. As in linguistics, the grammar rules of law and logic show how words are arranged side by side to express a specific meaning, Hillier argues, using the method of spatial arrangement, the logic of putting spaces together in Discovered together or spatial arrangements resulting from social relations. According to this view, the meaning of environment is derived from its spatial organizational structure and the spatial structure of an environment has an important role in promoting some social behaviors compared to other behaviors due to the products of society and proven roles. The results of this study indicate that "space syntax" is an effective method in studying the relationship between wisdom and spatial arrangement in the architecture of Iranian mosques and the principles of Iranian-Islamic wisdom (unity in plurality, the journey from the outside to the inside) in a single place. Single spaces of mosques and determining the relationship of each space with other spaces have a direct impact and this decisive role is much more evident in traditional mosques than contemporary mosques.