Examining the concept of civil society in the intellectual system of the reform government (1376-1384) based on Maurice Barbier's theory

The concept of civil society is considered as one of the most important components of political development. In the literature of political sociology and political science, the objective and effective emergence of this concept is considered a sign of political development and, in the words of Maurice Barbier, political modernity. Maurice Barbier defines political modernity as the separation of society (civil society) from the state and the individual from the citizen, and with the characteristics that count for it, its occurrence in non-western societies, especially the countries of the Islamic world and Iran, is unlikely and far from The mind knows. Based on this narrative of Barbieh and by using the descriptive-analytical method and by collecting information through documentary and library methods, the concept of civil society in Iran, especially in the historical stage of the seventh and eighth governments known as the reform government Was investigated. The main question of this article is: What position did the concept of "civil society" have in the plans and goals of the seventh and eighth governments? The conclusion of the article in response to the main question is as follows: civil society, as the most important indicator of political development, has had a central and decisive position in the plans and goals of the seventh and eighth governments. So that it can be said that basically the goal of political development in the 7th and 8th governments was the development of the civil society against the government and the sovereign as an independent and influential institution, and it caused the theoretical and practical emergence of this concept at the community level.