Evaluation of Genetic Phenological and Morphological in Different Soybean Cultivars in Alborz Province

Soybean is one of important oil seed crops through the world due to its high protein and oil contents. In order to evaluation the genetic diversity of this plant concerning to its compatibility to different climate conditions, the divergenet population in order to perform breeding programs is of great importance following by introduction of new cultivars. Thus, introduction of new cultivars is one of significant and available ways of plant breeding which facillitate to targeting in this issueIn order to determine the exist genetic diversity in new soybean germplams and to explain for future breeding programs, 119 new soybean genotypes (from Australia gene bank) Awere assessed according to augmented experiment with four control samples (Saman, Katol, Kosar and Sahar cultivars).

To determine genetic diversity among the new soybean germplasm and achive information in direction of further breeding programs, 119 new imported genotypes (gene bank of Australia) were analyzed based on augmented design with four control samples (Saman, Ktol, Kosar, and Sahar). Each genotype was cultivated on 2 meters' line. The genotypes studied were evaluated based on morphological and phenological traits including number of days from plantation to flowering time to maturing, plant heighth, number of nodes, number of lateral shoots, plant yield, oil and protein percent. 

Based on obtained results from statistical parameters among all imported genotypes in Karaj region, the highest phenotypic variation coefficient was related to plant yield (84.23), number of null capsules (75.8) and the number of seeds per plant (75.28), and also the lowest phenotypic coefficient of variation was related to protein percentage (3.96), oil percentage (4.27) and the number of days to complete maturity (9.33). The mean comparison showed that the genotypes including Clark curly pubesce, GH 66-6-14, Seedmakers 1-E and Delmar had the highest seed yield per plant. The results of cluster analysis showed that the evaluated genotypes for all traits studied divided into four groups which the one, two, three and four groups contained 23, 49, 8 and 9 genotypes respectively.

The genotypes of GH 66-6-14, GH 66-6-6, Valder, Seedmakers 1-E, Lee late and Clark curly pubesce showed the highest yield and its component than control samples and could be able to be used in further breeding programs.