Descriptive Study of the Role of Vowels in the Semantic Diversity of the Verses of the Holy Quran, Relying on the Approach of Lakoff and Johnson's Theory Path (Motion) Image Schema”

Among the letters, prepositions have a special place because they connect the verb and the noun in the sentence.Furthermore, understanding the relationship between the verb and the noun depends on the precise knowledge of prepositions and familiarity with their diverse nature and functions. Through the semantic analysis, the role of the movement schema of prepositions in the construction of abstract meanings is found.It also contributes to answer the crucial question of how the path schema of prepositions helps to clarify the meanings and expands them in the verses of the Qur'an. Apart from this, vowels are among the grammatical words and their importance in depicting and establishing semantic and structural relationships in the language of the Qur'an shows the importance of research in this linguistic category.

Method of Study:

 In the present study, the descriptive-analytical study method was used to explain the findings.

In semantic research, visual schemas are very important; Because they have an abstract structure and through them, you can bridge from concrete experiences to cognitive fields. Among Johnson's three visual schemas (Containment, Path and Force), the movement schema has the highest frequency. The results of the examination of the word of revelation, which is a total of 6236 verses, show that about 1311 cases of the mission of conceptualization were carried out through the movement schema, which had the highest frequency. Based on most of the analyzed verses, it can be said that the movement plan is a part of the super plan of "life as a journey":moral and religious life from the perspective of the Qur'an, as walking on the right path and leaving bad and immoral lif. The inner movement of man, which leads from the world of matter to the realm of meaning goal (Meet God) by referring to words such as "darkness", "light", "path,""road", "way", "be guided", "Ascension", "falling", "regression", "destiny", "heaven" and "hell" and the purposefulness of human life and the need to move towards the goal (meeting the Lord of the worlds) are stated. The expressions in the Qur'an that conceptualize the way of moving and the path are:"ascend", "raise" "fall down ","get down","wake up","hurry up","striving", "came ","come out ".It seems that among the main components of movement, i.e.: movement component, path, body,background and path component, i.e.:origin(starting point), length of the path and destination (end point). The components of the path and the destination are more frequent in the concept of creation of events in the Qur'an, and the vowel preposition (min, ilá, ‘an) have a high-frequency movement function. The prepositions ‘min’ and "‘an " are origin oriented and the prepositions " ilá " and " ḥattá " are destination oriented.The adverbial preposition ‘lam’ is of the type of process scheme and the adverbial letter ‘ḥattá’ is temporal and destination-oriented.

In terms of its nature, the preposition has several states and its final meaning is determined by the situation in which the letter is used. path schema as the most frequent schema used in the adverbs contained in the Holy Quran, help to create image schemas of abstract meanings. In other words, through semantic analysis, it is possible to reveal the role of path schema of prepositions in the construction of abstract meanings and new semantic layers.