Investigation of wastewater management of effluent produced in sugarcane sugar factories in southern regions of Iran

Mill flower is one of the by-products that is produced in significant volumes. Mill flour is often mixed with mill ash from bagasse baking, which together forms the bulk of mill waste in sugar factories for disposal. Low levels of nutrients and high humidity make mill flour a dilute source of nutrients, and the demand for mill flour as a valuable material is higher from farmers and biotechnology companies, which leads to the accumulation of mill mud in most factories. The obvious use of mill mud is its use in sugarcane fields. As a result, the continued use of high-rate mill mud and ash, without proper knowledge of soil conditions and crop needs, has caused much concern in recent years. The risk of over-fertilization and heavy metal contamination on sugarcane fields and concerns about the off-site effects of leakage into waterways have raised questions about the excessive use of mill mud in industry. In this regard, this study examines the issues related to the responsible management of mill flowers produced in sugar or sucrose factories from sugarcane (a case study of sugarcane factories in southern Iran) and its cost-effectiveness in a wider range of farms away from mills. Reported as a means to minimize environmental hazards. Thus, the estimated size of food resources in the mill produced by Farabi and Dehkhoda sugarcane companies is 7300 tons of nitrogen and 4500 tons of phosphorus per year. This represents 60% of the 7700 tonnes of phosphorus estimated as fertilizer on sugarcane fields in 1400.