The role of the Anglo-Iranian oil company in the formation of the urban space structure of the Abadan city company (From the establishment of Abadan Refinery to the nationalization movement of the oil industry in 1291-1330)

With the transfer of the oil concession to William Knox Darcy in 1901/1280, followed by the discovery of oil in Masjed Suleiman in Khordad in 1908/1287 and the establishment of the Abadan refinery in 1912/1291, employment and migration of labor from abroad and inside to Abadan was provided. British and Iranian oil company managers built a settlement to accommodate these immigrants, and the result was the formation of the city of Abadan by designers and architects of the British and Iranian oil company in accordance with the latest urban development achievements. The upcoming research by combining the descriptive-analytical method and by using library sources and documents and first-hand sources and new research is looking for an answer to the question of what is the role of Anglo-Iranian Oil Company in the formation of the spatial structure of Abadan Industrial City? The findings of the research indicate that Abadan City Company owes its existence, formation and development to the discovery of oil and the establishment of Abadan Refinery. The formation of the space body of the city of Abadan was based on four indicators; The separation of neighborhoods from each other, the design of the city in a linear (longitudinal) form, the design in a checkered and radial form, and the design was based on the idea of ​​the city garden. Based on this, in this research, the role of British and Iranian oil company in the formation and development of the urban body of Abadan Industrial City from the establishment of the refinery to the nationalization of the oil industry has been investigated and evaluated.