THE ANTIBACTERIAL ECTIVITY OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES AND COMBINATION WITH COTRIMOXAZOLE AGAINST SALMONELLA TYPHI IN VITRO AND IN ANIMAL MODEL

Salmonella is a gram-negative bacillus with characterizations of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria. Salmonella typhi is living in the nature as well as digestive system of the humans and animals, which can cause human and animal disease and environmental pollution. The purpose of this research was to investigate the antibacterial effect of copper nanoparticles and its combination with cotrimoxazole antibiotic in laboratory conditions and animal model in order to produce a more effective antimicrobial drug against Salmonella typhi.

In this clinical trial study, certain amounts of medium were prepared and subjected to the effect of the drug. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for copper nanoparticles and its combination with cotrimoxazole was mesured using microdilution method. Then, their antibacterial effect was investigated in vitro and in infected mouse model. SPSS version 18 software was used for statistical analysis of the results. In P< 0.05 was considered as a significant level.

MIC and MFC for Salmonella typhi were 2000 ppm and 4000 ppm for copper nanoparticles alone, were 125 ppm and 250 ppm for the combination of copper nanoparticles with cotrimoxazole, and were 500 ppm and 1000 ppm for cotrimoxazole alone, respectively. The mouse model was confirmed to investigate the antibacterial effect of copper nanoparticles and its combination with cotrimoxazole against Salmonella typhi infection. The combination of copper nanoparticles with cotrimoxazole has the most antibacterial effect compared to others groups for Salmonella typhi.

The combination of copper nanoparticles with cotrimoxazole is very effective in comparison with other groups, especially antibacterial cotrimoxazol, and therefore could be used clinically.