Stability analysis of advanced bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.( lines using AMMI method

The interaction of genotype × environment complicates performance prediction and is a challenge for crop and breeding programs. Performance stability is critical to achievingg high and uniform performance across a wide range of environments. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between genotype × environment and to study the compatibility and stability of advanced seven-line grain yield of bread wheat (BC2F6) resulting from cross-breeding of Tabasi local cultivar and modified Typhoon European variety using AMMI model and some stability statistics.

The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the cropping years (2017-2018 ) and (2018-2019) in Gorgan, Tehran and Kermanshah and stability analysis was performed for 6 environments. In the field, each plot was planted with a density of four hundred seeds per square meter. Each line was planted in plots with eight four-meter lines with 25 cm line spacing. At the end of the growing season, eight rows of four-meter spikes from each plot were harvested and threshed by hand, and the weight of the obtained grains was measured by a digital scale and reported in square meters.

The results of analysis of variance of the main effects of collectible and multiplicative interaction (AMMI model) showed a significant difference in the level of one percent probability for the environment and the interaction of genotype × environment, which indicates different performance of genotypes in different environments. Therefore, sustainability can be examined. Genotype × environment interaction was divided into two main components by AMMI model. The first two components together accounted for 81.36% and the remaining components in the model accounted for 18.63% of the total variation of genotype × environment interaction. According to AMMI1 model, L4 and L6 lines and according to AMMI2 model, L4 and L7 lines were introduced as high performance and stability lines. Based on the results of Amy Stability Value Index (ASV), L4 and L5 lines and based on Genotype Selection Index (GSI), L4 and L6 lines were introduced as stable lines. The results of Rick equivalence method showed that lines L4, L7 and L3 had the lowest value of this index. According to AMMI1 model, L2 and L7 lines with E1 environment (Gorgan, 2017-2018), and E4 (Tehran, 2018-2019) and L1, L5 and L3 lines with E3 environment (Tehran, 2017-2018) and According to the AMMI2 model, L2 line with E1 environment (Gorgan, 2017-2018), E2 (Gorgan, 2018-2019) and E4 (Tehran, 2018-2019) and L3 and L5 lines with E3 environment (Tehran, 2017-2018) And L1 line had private compatibility with E6 (Kermanshah, 2018-2019) and E5 (Kermanshah, 2017-2018) environments.

Based on all methods of measuring stability in this study and considering the grain yield potential, L4 line had the highest general stability to the evaluated environments and was introduced as a stable line with high yield. Therefore, this line can be suggested for use in future breeding programs to introduce new cultivars. According to both AMMI1 and AMMI2 models, L2 line with E1 and E4 environments and L3 and L5 lines with E3 environment had the most private compatibility. If the cause of the interaction of genotype × environment is predictive factors such as soil type, cultivation operation, the interaction of genotype × environment can be reduced by selecting genotypes with their private and specific adaptation to the environment, and have maximum production.