Predictors of lifestyle related to reducing the premenstrual syndrome symptoms based on the Health Belief Model constructs among the first-grade high school female students in Urmia

Identifying the factors affecting the lifestyle related to reducing PMS symptoms can help to reduce the health problems of women and girls. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the "predictors of lifestyle related to reducing the premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms  based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs  among the first-grade high school female students in Urmia".

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 410 first-grade high school female students in Urmia who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling in 2021. The data collection tools included demographic characteristics, Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST), and a researcher-made questionnaire based on HBM constructs and knowledge. Face validity and Content validiyt methods were used for determine validity and Cronbach’s alpha was used for determine reliability. Data analysis was performed in SPSS 16 using Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Spearman correlation, and Multiple linear regression. The results were considered statistically significant at the level of p <0.05

Perceived self-efficacy (P <0.001, β = 0.250), perceived barriers (p <0.001, β = -0.162), perceived severity (p <0.05, β = 0.155), and perceived benefits (p = 0.019, β = 0.130), were significant predictors of lifestyle related to reducing PMS symptoms. HBM constructs and knowledg explained about 28.2% of the variance of lifestyle related to reducing PMS symptoms among the studied students.

HBM constructs are valuable and appropriate to identify the factors affecting the lifestyle related to reducing PMS symptoms among high school female students and to design and implement educational interventions in this field.