Ecosystem restoration: an efficient to achieve urban sustainability

After the Industrial Revolution, widespread environmental degradation raised concerns among environmental elites to provide solutions to restore degraded or pre-degraded ecosystems. The purpose of this study is to explain the concept of ecological reconstruction at the level of ecologists and to explain its connection with sustainable urban development. The present study used documentary review and analysis method. The findings indicated that with the attitude of ecosystems to the effects of ecosystem reconstruction on cities, they can be examined in two scales: "Landscape at the city level" and "City as part of an integrated ecosystem". At both scales, ecological restoration leads to the rehabitation and development of urban sustainability; But in general, it can be said that the city will see more positive effects, especially if the city is considered as part of large-scale ecosystems and reconstruction takes place in areas with high potential and diversity of life, such as protected areas. In management programs as well as documents above the metropolis of Mashhad, the view of eco-construction has recently been considered. In this study, some cases of ecological reconstruction programs in line with upstream documents and in order to achieve sustainable development in this metropolis have been pointed out and practical suggestions in this direction have been presented. The results of the present study were presented in the form of a conceptual model of "ecological reconstruction and urban sustainability" to show how ecological reconstruction is a prerequisite and necessary for the realization of urban sustainability.