The effect of Eight Weeks High- Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on the Expression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-1 in Diabetic Male Rats

Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders that affect the structure and function of other organs in the body, such as the myocardium, and is referred to as cardiomyopathy. However, due to the role of exercise in preventing and treating diabetes complications, the present study was performed to determine the effect of diabetes and high- intensity interval training (HIIT) on tissue expression of miRNA-1 and miRNA-21 in the left ventricle of diabetic male rats.

In this experimental study, twenty adult Wistar male rats were selected and randomly divided into two groups: diabetic and diabetic with HIIT (T) protocols. Accordingly, the rats underwent the HIIT program on smart electronic tape recorders for eight weeks, five days a week. HIIT training was performed with an intensity of 90-85% of maximum speed 6-12 times for 2 minutes and with 3-minute active rest intervals with an intensity of 30% VO2max. At the end of the study contract, all rats were anesthetized and operated on 48 hours after the last intervention without a painless method to determine changes in miR-1 and miR-21 gene expression by real-time PCR in left ventricular tissue.

The results showed that the quantitative relative expression of miRNA-1 in the HIIT + diabetes group was (0.00005 ± 0.000001) and diabetes control (0.00018 ± 0.000005). The Quantitative relative expression of miRNA-21 in the HIIT + diabetes group was (0.00025 ± 0.000001) and in the diabetes control group (0.00011 ± 0.000016). Eight weeks of HIIT training significantly increased the relative expression of miRNA-21 and decreased the expression of miRNA-1 in diabetic rats (P < 0.05). In contrast, the results showed that after eight weeks of diabetes, the relative expression of miRNA-21 decreased significantly, and the expression of miRNA-1 increased (P < 0.05).

Based on the results of this study, it seems that miRNA-210 can be used as an indicator to assess the adaptations associated with exercise training.