S-allyl cysteine, a bioactive ingredient of Allium sativum, alleviates carbon tetrachloride-induced acute renal dysfunction in the mouse

Kidney diseases are endangering conditions to public health. Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-induced model of acute kidney injury (AKI) is a reliable model for studying renal damage under different conditions. S-allyl cysteine (SAC) is a natural organosulfur compound in aged garlic extract with multiple protective effects. In this study, possible preventive effect of SAC in CCl4 model of AKI was investigated.
For induction of AKI, CCl4 (10 ml/kg body weight; 0.175% in olive oil) was intraperitoneally injected and SAC was given orally at doses of 25 or 100 mg/kg. Functional markers of kidney were determined besides renal analysis of oxidative stress and inflammatory indices.
SAC pretreatment at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 1 week before CCL4 challenge significantly and markedly reduced level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and with no significant effect on creatinine and catalase activity. In addition, such valuable effects were not observed for SAC at a dose of 25 mg/kg in CCL4-exposed group.
Findings of this study indicated beneficial effect of SAC subsequent to CCL4-induced kidney injury that is partly mediated through its regulation of oxidative and inflammatory events and upregulating some of the antioxidants.