Histocompatibility of Light-Curing Composites Used in Pediatric Dentistry in Human Oral Fibroblast Cells

Statement of the Problem:

 Tooth-colored composites are used to repair caries lesions and other dental defects, particularly in anterior regions in children. Although a wide range of composites is using, little attention has been paid to the important indicators such as biological profiles or products released from these materials.

The current study aimed to compare the histocompatibility and cytotoxicity of light-curing resin used to repair children's teeth with different brands (3M, DenFil, and Opallis) in curing times of 20 and 40 seconds in human oral fibroblast cells (HGF1).

 In this in vitro study, Three types of flow composites (3M, Opallis, and DenFil), all at A2 shade, were used. The composites were at 4×2mm with separate exposure times of 20 and 40 seconds. MTT test was used to determine the cytotoxicity of composites on oral fibroblast cells. This test is based on the conversion of tetrazolium bromide to a purple compound known as formazan that its color intensity can be evaluated using the ELISA. The higher intensity of the color reveals the higher survival rate of the mitochondria, which indicates less toxicity. One-way variance analysis and unpaired t-test were used to compare the cytotoxicity of each brand in two conditions of 20 and 40 seconds of curing. Statistical significance was considered when p< 0.05.

3M and Opallis composites were significantly reduced vitality of cells compared to control group in both 20s and 40s curing status. While DenFil brand did not show marked cytotoxicity. In each brand, there are no significant deference between 20s and 40s curing times.

Histocompatibility depends on the type of composite resin. In the current study, DenFil brand showed the highest histocompatibility, followed by 3M and Opallis.