The Relationship Between Some Laboratory Findings and the Prognostic Significance of Phosphorus and 25-(OH) Vitamin D3 Values in SARS-CoV-2 Cases

There are many articles in the literature about the importance of 25-(OH) vitamin D3 in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases. However, there is no consensus on 25-(OH) vitamin D3 to predict the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 cases. Additionally, phosphorus, which has an important role in the cytokine storm, contributes to poor prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 cases.

This study aimed to examine phosphorus and 25-(OH) vitamin D3 levels to predict the prognosis of COVID-19.

A total of 230 SARS-CoV-2 cases and 230 healthy people were included in this study. ROC curve analysis was performed for combined evaluation of phosphorus and 25-(OH) vitamin D3 levels.

In the ROC curve analysis, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.9282, the sensitivity was 92.70%, and the specificity was 92.80%. Phosphorus and 25-(OH) vitamin D3 levels showed negative correlations with procalcitonin, ferritin, D-dimer, C-reactive protein, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, and monocytelymphocyte ratio.

Low phosphorus and 25-(OH) vitamin D3 levels may be indicators for poor prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 cases. Conversely, normal phosphorus and 25-(OH) vitamin D3 levels may be indicators for a good prognosis in SARS-CoV-2 cases.