Recent Advances in Bioplastics: Synthesis and Emerging Perspective

Recently, the demands for biodegradable and renewable materials for several eco-sustain applications have increased tremendously. This rise in demand is connected to the growing environmental concerns over the extensive use of synthetic and non-biodegradable plastic packaging and the dumping of plastic waste in landfills. Biodegradable bioplastics are polymers that are mineralized into carbon dioxide, methane, water, inorganic compounds, or biomass by specific microorganisms by enzymatic action. As a result, they could be a viable and environmentally friendly alternative to petrochemical plastics.  Bioplastic delivers precisely as per demand exhibiting several advantages: lower carbon footprint, energy efficiency, non-hazardous, stable, cost-efficient, and eco-friendly. Herein, a major focus is given to the discussion of bioplastic production from various sources, their type, and the role of additives to strengthen their chemical and physical properties.  This review article's goal is to provide information about bioplastic synthesis concerning the recycling of bioplastics, thermoplastic biocomposites, and their blends with a special focus on the mechanical recycling of bio-based materials. Additionally, the utilization of these bioplastics in various industries such as the food packaging industry, and the automotive industry has been enlightened.