Application of semantic domain theory in the study of the concept of self-care based on Islamic sources

The present study aims at investigating the concepts of self-care and murāqiba (literary “vigilance” and “watching out”) based on Islamic sources. The research was of qualitative type and the research method was descriptive-analytical. In the descriptive section, the concepts related to self-care based on Islamic sources were described, and in the analytical section, the concepts obtained were analyzed. According to the findings of the study, murāqiba is a religious concept, which is much emphasized in religious texts. In religious sources, murāqiba is used along with concepts such as soul and Allah. It is used along with Allah much more. In religious sources, we find the two concepts of murāqiba al-nafs or watching out the soul – which is used more than concepts such as raṣad (monitoring), ḥirāsat (guarding), and niẓārat ( self -observing) – and murāqiba Allah or attention to  presence of Allah. Murāqiba is related with numerous concepts in the form of semantic synonymity and opposition. To adjust our behavior, we need external and internal adjustments. Murāqiba with the external factors is not sufficient and self-care is necessary. Self-care in religious sources includes watching the soul, watching the body, and spiritual watching. And the last one is of the most importance. Self-caring in religious sources aims at mental and physical tranquility and achieving existential perfections