Acute Aortic Dissection in a 35-year-old Woman With Turner Syndrome: A Case Report

Turner Syndrome occurs when one of the X chromosomes is missing, either partially or completely. Heart defects associated with some cases of Turner syndrome can increase the risk of severe, life-threatening complications, including pulmonary hypertension and aortic dissection. A 35-year-old woman, a known case of Turner syndrome, presented with acute dissection in the ascending aorta (Type A Stanford). The patient had a successful aortic valve repair surgery with a Dacron tube graft interposition. The risk of aortic dissection in Turner syndrome is 100 times greater than that in the general population. Diagnosis was made by transthoracic echocardiography and computed tomography angiography. Due to the small size of the femoral artery, cannulation was done in the innominate artery. Cardiopulmonary bypass was established, and systemic cooling was initiated to a temperature of 25 ℃. The patient was discharged from the hospital in good condition.