Political Action of Safavid Sufis and Max Weber's religious typology

In his study of world religions, Max Weber formulates his religious typology and presents two main ideal types in this respect. The first ideal type is inner−worldly asceticism, mainly Protestant Puritans, who are active in political actions, and the second ideal type is world−flying mysticism, mainly followers of East−Asian religions and Islamic Sufis, who are passive in political actions on the way to salvation. However, referring to the historical facts of the political life and actions of the Safavid Sufi masters in the process of development of the Safavid government through archival research methods and reviewing related historical texts reveals cases contrary to Weber's views, and our problem emerges from this Inconsistency between scientific knowledge and historical reality. The article shows that the Safavid Sufi masters, from the time of Junaid to the development of the Safavid government, Although like the leaders before themselves in addition to paying attention to transcendental matters, also have taken a role in worldly affairs and particularly, political action. Therefore, they are not world−flying and passive, but their Sufism and Sufi beliefs, along with other possible effective factors, have taken an important role in the development of the Safavid government.