Reflecting The Affliction Of The Palestinians "Bab al-Shams" of Elias Khoury’s Novel Based On George Lukacs' Reflection Theory

The reflection theory of George Lukacs's is most important theories that the totality and character are it’s foundation. By considering the historical and social conditions as the totality and application of the elements of the story, he helps the critic to explain the connection between the story and the society and presents a picture of the conditions governing the society in different layers of the story. The study of the evolution of Arabic fiction shows that the factors of literary movement such as schools, printers, translations, journals and newspapers, along with the growth of nationalism, have had a significant impact on the formation of the Arabic novel. By studnig the novel, we can see a part of the history of society in it either content or form. Characterization in the story is the main components of the story due to the representation of reality that reflect the historical totality in the characters of the novel, and depicts society as a coherent totality based on charecters and actions. The characters that we see in Bab Al Shams are representative the classes of Palestinian people and their affliction. The combination of totality and charecter reflects the ideology of the author. Lukác says affects the work of art in two stages: the first stage before the formation of the text, and the second is the reflection of the ideology reflected in the text.