Modeling the management of common-pool resource through the emergence of self-governing institutions; Agent-based approach

The tragedy of commons is always an inevitable phenomenon in common-pool resources exposed to residents' selfish perceptions. Many researchers of empirical studies believe that self-governing institutions that emerge within a society can solve the tragedy of the commons, but what still needs to be added in guiding this choice is a clearer picture of the mechanisms behind the institutional emergence in the successful management of common-pool resources. Agent-based models provide a suitable tool for this task due to their extraordinary capacity to connect micro and macro levels. This The presents study seeks to develop a simple abstract model of the institutional emergence pattern by introducing the possibility of cheat and enforcement, which has been observed in renewable common-pool resource issues. This article study uses the ADICO institutional grammar as a basic structure to model the institutional rules and define the users' strategies. Users modify their behavior through a transformational process and establish a management institution to manage common-pool resources, eventually leading to many advantages for users and common-pool resources. The results show that even within this simplified model, the self-governing institutions maintain the resource balance at a stable level and improve the average income of the users compared to the open access in all social networks.