Green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) by extract of aerial organs of Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens L.)

Nanoscale science and technology the production of matter in nanometer dimensions and exploitation of its properties in modern systems. Today, one of the most efficient methods of nanoparticle synthesis is the method of green synthesis or biosynthesis of nanoparticles by plants. The purpose of this study was to synthesize and develop a green method for the preparation of iron nanoparticles. In this study, iron nanoparticles were synthesized in a process by the extract of Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens L.) which containing phenolic compounds. The extract of the plant was obtained by maceration method. The co-precipitation method was used to prepare iron nanoparticles with the extract of Acroptilon repens L. The samples were analyzed by Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Vibrating Sample Manetometer (VSM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). In Spectrophotometric analysis, the presence of a peak in the range of 490 to 600 nm indicates the biological synthesis of these nanoparticles with extract of Acroptilon repens. The size and morphology of biologically synthesized nanoparticles were determined by scanning electron microscopy, and it was found that the shape of the polygonal and round particles and their average size are about 39 to 50 nanometers. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis also showed the nanocrystals synthesized extract of Acroptilon repens. According to the results, it can be said that the polyphenolic compounds in the Acroptilon repens. extract were acted as iron-metal reducing agents, and also as a complexing agent synthesize iron nanoparticles and make them sustainable